{"id":24271,"date":"2019-12-02T10:57:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T09:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.delucapartners.it\/news\/replacements-and-shift-work-the-professional-is-not-self-employed\/"},"modified":"2026-02-16T16:14:55","modified_gmt":"2026-02-16T15:14:55","slug":"replacements-and-shift-work-the-professional-is-not-self-employed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.delucapartners.it\/en\/insights\/case-law-en\/replacements-and-shift-work-the-professional-is-not-self-employed\/","title":{"rendered":"Replacements and shift work: the professional is not self-employed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The Court of Cassation,\nunder <a href=\"http:\/\/quotidianolavoro.ilsole24ore.com\/pdf2010\/Editrice\/ILSOLE24ORE\/QUOTIDIANO_LAVORO\/Online\/_Oggetti_Correlati\/Documenti\/2019\/11\/11\/O_23520-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">order 23520 dated 20\nSeptember 2019<\/a>, confirmed that the <strong>professional<\/strong>, when performing the service in a <strong>manner and time frame established <\/strong>by the management of the company,\nperforming the <strong>same tasks as colleagues<\/strong>\nemployed under an open-ended employment contract, is not a self-employed\nworker, but an employee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Facts\nof the case<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A doctor carried out his\nprofessional activity in a hospital under a series of self-employed partnership\nagreements. Despite this, he worked in single shifts during the day\/night,\narranged by the head physician, in which both doctors with an employment\ncontract and those with a self-employed professional contract were included.\nThe doctor, like his employed colleagues, was also required to make last-minute\nreplacements, including in departments other than those of his specialisation.\nIn addition, his activities were the same as those of structured doctors. The\ndifferences with the employees did not concern the nature and manner of the\nwork, but were merely formal: the doctor was not obliged to be on call nor did\nhe have a badge, but still had to sign an attendance sheet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The\ndecision of the Court of Cassation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Court of Cassation\nconfirmed that, where the element of subjection to the directives of others is\nnot easily appreciable due to the intellectual nature of the tasks performed &#8211;\nas in the case of the medical profession &#8211; for the purposes of distinguishing\nbetween self-employment and employment, reference must be made to <strong>subsidiary indices<\/strong> derived from the\nactual manner in which the contract is carried out, such as the <strong>hetero-organisation<\/strong> &#8211; not limited to\ncoordination &#8211; and the <strong>submission to\ndirectives<\/strong> on the performance of the activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the doctor&#8217;s\nservices were entirely predetermined by the medical managers in charge of him,\nwho organised his shifts and replacements. Consequently, in light of the\nfactual data emerging from the actual course of the contractual relationship,\nthe professional role was legally traceable within the parameters specific to\nArticle. 2094 of the Italian Civil Code, which classifies the employment\ncontract as subordinate if the worker is subject to the hierarchical and\norganisational power of the employer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Court of Cassation, under order 23520 dated 20 September 2019, confirmed that the professional, when performing the service in a manner and time frame established by the management of the company, performing the same tasks as colleagues employed under an open-ended employment contract, is not a self-employed worker, but an employee. Facts of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[167,177,190],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-case-law","category-insights"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Replacements and shift work: the professional is not self-employed - De Luca &amp; Partners<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.delucapartners.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24271\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Replacements and shift work: the professional is not self-employed - De Luca &amp; Partners\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Court of Cassation, under order 23520 dated 20 September 2019, confirmed that the professional, when performing the service in a manner and time frame established by the management of the company, performing the same tasks as colleagues employed under an open-ended employment contract, is not a self-employed worker, but an employee. 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